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1.
São Paulo med. j ; 136(4): 292-297, July-Aug. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-962737

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: This study was designed to define the accuracy of shoulder ultrasonography for diagnosing supraspinatus tendon tears. This examination is routinely used by orthopedists and may do away with the need for other examinations for diagnosing these tendon injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of shoulder ultrasonography for diagnosing supraspinatus tendon injuries, using magnetic resonance imaging as the reference. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective accuracy study at a single center: the Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Clinic of the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology. METHODS: Shoulder ultrasonography was performed on 80 patients of both genders, over 18 years of age, with complaints of shoulder pain and clinically suspected supraspinatus tendon lesions. Jobe's test and a full can test were performed. In addition, they underwent magnetic resonance imaging in a 3.0-tesla machine, as the reference standard. The examinations were performed and interpreted by radiologists. RESULTS: Ultrasonography showed sensitivity of 36.3% and specificity of 91.7% for supraspinatus tears overall: sensitivity of 25.8% and specificity of 91.8% for partial tears and sensitivity of 46.2% and specificity of 100% for full-thickness tears. Ultrasonography showed high accuracy for diagnosing full-thickness tears: 91.3%. The p-values were 0.003 for tears overall, 0.031 for partial tears and < 0.001 for full-thickness tears. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasonography showed low sensitivity for detecting supraspinatus tears, but high specificity for both partial and full-thickness tears.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Shoulder Joint/injuries , Shoulder Joint/diagnostic imaging , Tendon Injuries/diagnostic imaging , Shoulder Injuries/diagnostic imaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Ultrasonography , Sensitivity and Specificity , Data Accuracy
2.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 50(6): 729-738, Nov.-Dec. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-769984

ABSTRACT

To quantify the platelet concentration in the blood of SHR rats, by means of different centrifugation protocols, and to evaluate what the most effective method for obtaining platelets is. METHODS: We used 40 male rats of the isogenic SHR lineage. The animals were divided into three groups: control, using whole blood without centrifugation; single centrifugation, using whole blood subjected to a single centrifugation at 200 × gand 400 × g; and double centrifugation, using whole blood subjected one centrifugation at different rotations, followed by collection of whole plasma subjected to another centrifugation at different rotations: 200 × g+ 200 ×g; 200 × g+ 400 × g; 200 × g+ 800 × g; 400 ×g+ 400 × g; 400 × g+ 800 × g. Samples of 3 ml of blood were drawn from each animal by means of cardiac puncture. The blood was stored in Vacutainer collection tubes containing 3.2% sodium citrate. The blood from the control group animals was analyzed without being subjected to centrifugation. After the blood from the other groups of animals had been subjected to centrifugation, the whole plasma was collected and subjected to platelet counting in the lower third of the sample. RESULTS: We obtained greatest platelet enrichment in the subgroup with two centrifugations comprising 400 × gfor 10 min + 400 ×gfor 10 min, in which the mean platelet concentration was 11.30 times higher than that of the control group. CONCLUSION: It was possible to obtain a high platelet concentration using viable simple techniques, by means of centrifugation of whole blood and use of commonly used materials. The most effective method for obtaining platelet concentrate was found in samples subjected to two centrifugations.


Quantificar a concentração de plaquetas do sangue de ratos SHR, por meio de diferentes protocolos de centrifugação, e avaliar qual o método mais eficaz de obtenção de plaquetas. MÉTODOS: Usamos 40 ratos machos da linhagem isogênica SHR. Os animais foram divididos em três grupos: Controle (GCT) - sangue total sem centrifugação; Única Centrifugação (GUC) - sangue total submetido a uma única centrifugação: 200 g e 400 g; Dupla Centrifugação (GDC) - sangue total submetido a uma centrifugação, seguido de coleta do plasma total, e realizado uma centrifugação, em diferentes rotações: 200 g + 200 g; 200 g + 400 g; 200 g + 800 g; 400 g + 400 g; 400 g + 800 g. Foram retirados 3 ml de sangue de cada animal por meio de punção cardíaca. O sangue foi acondicionado em tubo de coleta vacutainer com citrato de sódio 3,2%. O sangue dos animais do grupo controle não foi submetido à centrifugação e foi analisado. Após a centrifugação do sangue dos animais, submetido à centrifugação, o plasma total foi coletado e submetido à contagem de plaquetas no terço inferior da amostra. RESULTADOS: Obtivemos maior enriquecimento de plaquetas no subgrupo de duas centrifugações (400 g por 10 minutos + 400 g por 10 minutos), no qual ocorreu uma concentração média de plaquetas 11,30 vezes superior em relação ao grupo controle. CONCLUSÃO: Foi possível obter uma alta concentração plaquetária, com técnica simples e viável, por meio de centrifugação do sangue total e uso de materiais de uso corriqueiro; e método mais eficaz de obtenção de concentrado de plaquetas ocorreu nas amostras submetidas a duas centrifugações.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Centrifugation , Platelet Count , Platelet-Rich Plasma
3.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 49(5): 499-506, Sep-Oct/2014. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-727708

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate the approaches and procedures used by knee surgeons in Brazil for treating medial patellofemoral lesions (MPFL) of the knee in cases of acute traumatic dislocation of the patella. Materials and methods: A questionnaire comprising 15 closed questions on topics relating to treating MPFL of the knee following acute dislocation of the patella was used. It was applied to Brazilian knee surgeons during the three days of the 44th Brazilian Congress of Orthopedics and Traumatology, in 2012. Results: 106 knee surgeons completely filled out the questionnaire and formed part of the sample analyzed. Most of them were from the southeastern region of Brazil. The majority (57%) reported that they perform fewer than five MPFL reconstruction procedures per year. Indication of non-surgical treatment after a first episode of acute dislocation of the patella was preferred and done by 93.4% of the sample. Only 9.1% of the participants reported that they had never observed postoperative complications. Intraoperative radioscopy was used routinely by 48%. The professionals who did not use this tool to determine the point of ligament fixation in the femur did not have a statistically greater number of postoperative complications than those who used it (p > 0.05). Conclusions: There are clear evolutionary trends in treatments and rehabilitation for acute dislocation of the patella due to MPFL, in Brazil. However, further prospective controlled studies are needed in order to evaluate the clinical and scientific benefit of these trends...


Objetivo: Avaliar as condutas e os procedimentos feitos pelos cirurgiões de joelho do Brasil no tratamento das lesões do ligamento patelofemoral medial (LPFM) do joelho na luxação aguda traumática da patela. Materiais e métodos: Questionário de 15 questões fechadas que abordava tópicos relacionados ao tratamento das lesões do LPFM do joelho após luxação aguda da patela. Foi aplicado a cirurgiões brasileiros de joelho durante os três dias do 44° Congresso Brasileiro de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, em 2012. Resultados: Preencheram completamente o questionário e fizeram parte da amostra analisada 106 cirurgiões de joelho. A maior parte era proveniente da Região Sudeste. A maioria (57%) relatou fazer menos de cinco procedimentos de reconstrução do LPFM/ano. A indicação do tratamento não cirúrgico após primeiro episódio de luxação aguda da patela é a preferida e feita por 93,4% da amostra. Somente 9,1% dos participantes relataram nunca ter observado complicações no pós-operatório. A radioscopia intraoperatória é adotada rotineiramente por 48%. Os profissionais que não a usam para determinação do ponto de fixação do ligamento no fêmur não observam estatisticamente mais complicações pós-operatórias comparados com os que usam essa ferramenta (p > 0,05). Conclusões: Existem claras tendências de evolução no tratamento e na reabilitação da luxação aguda da patela com lesão do LPFM no Brasil. No entanto, mais estudos prospectivos controlados são necessários para avaliar o benefício clínico e científico dessas tendências...


Subject(s)
Knee Joint/surgery , Medial Collateral Ligament, Knee , Patellar Ligament , Rehabilitation , Knee Injuries
4.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 47(6): 724-729, 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-666216

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar as condutas e procedimentos realizados pelos cirurgiões de joelho do Brasil no tratamento da osteoartrose com artroplastia unicompartimental e osteotomia tibial alta do joelho. MÉTODOS: Um questionário de 14 questões fechadas foi elaborado e aplicado a cirurgiões brasileiros de joelho durante os três dias do 43º Congresso Brasileiro de Ortopedia e Traumatologia. RESULTADOS: Um total de 113 cirurgiões de joelho preencheram completamente o questionário e fizeram parte da amostra analisada. Neste estudo, a maioria dos cirurgiões realizava menos de cinco artroplastias unicompartimentais do joelho/ano (61,1%) e entre cinco e 15 osteotomias tibiais altas/ano (37,2%). A utilização de navegação computadorizada no intraoperatório é ainda infrequente em nosso meio, sendo realizada por apenas 0,9% dos especialistas. A opção pelo uso da artroplastia total do joelho em detrimento da parcial devido à falta de familiaridade com a técnica cirúrgica foi relatada por 65,5% dos cirurgiões. Quando arguidos sobre a possibilidade de crescimento no número de próteses unicompartimentais no Brasil com o aumento da familiaridade com a técnica pelos cirurgiões do País, 80,5% dos entrevistados responderam que acreditam nesta hipótese. Nesta amostra, constatamos que quanto maior a experiência do cirurgião maior o número de próteses unicompartimentais e osteotomias tibiais realizadas anualmente (r = 0,550 e r = 0,465, respectivamente, e p < 0,05). CONCLUSÕES: Existem claras tendências em evolução no tratamento da osteoartrose unicompartimental com artroplastia parcial do joelho no Brasil. No entanto, mais estudos prospectivos controlados são necessários para avaliar o benefício clínico e científico destas tendências.


OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the approaches and procedures used by Brazilian orthopedic surgeons for treating osteoarthrosis by means of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and high tibial osteotomy of the knee. METHODS: A questionnaire with 14 closed questions was developed and applied to Brazilian knee surgeons during the three days of the 43rd Brazilian Congress of Orthopedics and Traumatology. RESULTS: A total of 113 surgeons filled out the questionnaire completely and became part of the sample analyzed. In this study, the majority of the surgeons performed fewer than five unicompartmental knee arthroplasty procedures/year (61.1%) and between 5 and 15 high tibial osteotomy procedures/year (37.2%). Use of computerized navigation systems during surgery remains uncommon in our environment, since only 0.9% of the specialists were using it. 65.5% of the surgeons reported that they had chosen to use total knee arthroplasty rather than partial arthroplasty due to lack of familiarity with the surgical technique. When asked about the possibility that the number of unicompartmental prostheses used in Brazil would grow as surgeons in this country become increasingly familiar with the technique, 80.5% of the respondents believed in this hypothesis. In this sample, we found that the greater the surgeon's experience was, the greater the numbers of unicompartmental prostheses and tibial osteotomies performed annually were (r = 0.550 and r = 0.465, respectively; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There is a clear evolutional trend towards treatment of unicompartmental osteoarthritis using partial knee arthroplasty in Brazil. However, further prospective controlled studies are needed in order to evaluate the clinical and scientific benefits of these trends.


Subject(s)
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee , Knee Joint/surgery , Knee Joint/pathology , Practice Patterns, Physicians' , Osteoarthritis, Knee , Osteotomy , Therapeutic Approaches
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